Malaysian Cultural Festivities and Religious Celebrations 2009

Langkawi Ironman Triathlon (2)

Feb 28

Langkawi, Kedah

Langkawi Ironman Endurance Marathon

Tel: 603-2692 3171

Email: srsgroup@tm.net.my

Website: www.ironmanlangkawi.com.my

Touted to be one of the world’s renowned extreme sports events, the Langkawi Ironman Triathlon will witness more than 900 participants testing their mental and physical strengths to the limit. Participants will have to compete in a grueling 3.8km swim, 180.3km cycling competition and a marathon race covering 42.2km.

Malaysia Grand Prix (GP) Sale 2009

Feb 28-Apr 5

Throughout Malaysia

Shopping Malaysia Secretariat

Tel: 603-2698 1033

Website: www.malaysiamegasale.com.my

The Malaysian GP sale is back! Make a beeline for shopping centres nationwide as they offer irresistible bargains in conjunction with the annual Petronas Malaysia Formula 1 (F1) Grand Prix. Locals and foreign visitors will be spoilt for choice as they enjoy tremendous bargains in this month-long sale.

March

Photography Competition in conjunction with Flora & Fruit Festival 2009, KL (6)

March 1-May 31

Tel: 603-2693 7111

Email: info@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Unleash your creativity by taking photographs of Malaysia’s beautiful blossoms and win great prizes.

Colours of Malaysia

March 8 Main Lunch (6)

Dataran Merdeka, KL

Ministry of Tourism

Tel: 603-2693 7111

Email: info@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Malaysia’s premier cultural extravaganza is back to dazzle and entertain locals and visitors alike. Colours of Malaysia is a cornucopia of spectacular traditional performances, colourful parades as well as exquisite arts and crafts. The national-level launch takes place at Kuala Lumpur’s Dataran Merdeka.

• Citarasa Melaka (9)

March 13-15 at Bandar Hilir, Melaka

• 'Nasi Seratus' Festival Kota Bharu, Kelantan(13)
  

March 20-22 at Kota Bharu, Kelantan

• Citarasa Sarawak (14)

March 27-29 at Kucing Waterfront, Sarawak

• Citarasa Kuala Lumpur & Food Trail (6) March 27-April 5 at Lake Gardens, KL

Gear up for an entire month of fun as the colours of Malaysia roadshows hit the states of Johor, Sabah, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu and Pahang.

Penang International Food Festival

March 13-21 at the Penang International Sports Arena (PISA) & Batu Ferringhi, Penang (3)

Penang Tourism Action Council

Tel: 604-262 0202

Website: www.tourismpenang.gov.my

Enjoy a remarkable gastronomic experience in Penang, hailed as the food capital of Malaysia! Venues include the Penang International Sports Arena (PISA), Batu Ferringhi beach as well as the island’s famous streets.

iFOODex 2009

March 13-15 at Penang International Sports Arena, Penang(3)

Intrenasionale

Penang Tourism Action Council

Tel: 604-261 0058

Website: www.ifoodex.com

It’s the largest platform for food manufacturers and importers with over 100 companies taking part.

April

Malaysia Water Festival

Launching of Malaysia Water Festival

April 3-5 in Desaru, Johor (10)

Johor Tourism Action Council

Tel: 607-224 9960

Email: info@johortourism.com.my

Website: www.johortourism.com.my

Desaru, a beautiful beach retreat in Johor, will be the venue for the launch of this year’s Malaysia Water Festival. Enjoy a host of beach activites and water sports. Other main water sports events in the country are:

• Langkawi Water Festival

April 10-11 at Cenang Beach, Langkawi, Kedah (2)

Langkawi Tourism Action Council

Tel: 604-969 8080

E-mail: info@tourismlangkawi.gov.my

Come and join the locals in clelebrating the festival at the Cenang Beach! Take your pick from more than 100 categories of seaside and water-related games.

• Labuan International Sea Challenge

April 28-May 3 in Labuan (15)

Labuan Tourism Action Council/Labuan Corporation

Tel: 6087-408744

E-mail: mtpl@labuantourism.com.my or admin@labuantourism.com.my

Website: www.labuantourism.com.my

Welcome to the amazing Labuan International Sea Challenge (LISC)! For six days, international participants will take part in a variety of competitions, namely:

• Labuan International Game Fishing Tournament April 28-May 3 on Layang-Layang Island
• Labuan Cross Channel Swimming Challenge May 1 on Papan Island
• Stage Performances and Beach Telematches in support of LISC ’09 May 1-3 at the Labuan International Sports Complex

• Labuan Round Island Kayak Challenge May 2
• Kayak Sprint

May 3 at the Labuan International Sea Sports Complex

16^th Regatta Lepa Semporna

April 18-19 in Semporna, Sabah (16)

Semporna District Office/Sri Pelancongan Sabah Sdn Bhd

Tel: 6089-781 518

E-mail: Zachary@sabahtourism.com

Website: www.sabahtourism.com

Be awed by the traditional sailboats of the Bajau people, known as Sabah’s ethnic seafarers. Lots of fun-filled matches such as tug-of-war, kayaking and boat racing will be held. The highlight is the selection of the best ‘lepa’ or sailboat.

Perhentian Underwater Challenge

April 24-26 on Perhentian Island, Terengganu (12)

Terengganu Tourism Action Council

Tel: 609-626 2946

E-mail: mtpnterengganu@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Perhentian Island, a world-renowned tourist destination, will be abuzz with excitement this season. The fantastic line-up of activities includes an underwater photography competition, traditional games, beach soccer and volleyball. Earth awareness programmes include ‘Clean the Beach’

Selangor Water Festival (5)

April 24-26 at Bagan Lalang Beach, Sepang, Selangor

Selangor Tourism Action Council

Tel: 603-5511 1122

Get ready for a splashing time with activites such as boat racing, kayaking and underwater treasure hunt. Sandcastle building and ‘catch-the-duck’ contests are ideal for the whole family.

International Rafting Expedition

April 26-May 3 at Kuala Lipis, Pahang (11)

Fraser’s Hill Development Corporation

Tel: 609-517 1624

E-mail: pkbf@tm.net.my

Website: www.pkbf.org.my

This expedition requires participants to raft about 360 km along the Pahang River. The event, taking place for eight days and seven nights, will see participants served with traditional village feasts upon arriving at designated spots along the route.

May

Wesak Day

May 9

Throughout Malaysia

Ministry of Unity,Culture,Arts and Heritage

Tel: 603-2162 7600

E-mail: info@heritage.gov.my

Website: www.heritage.gov.my

Wesak Day marks the birth, enlightenment and passing of Siddhartha Gautama Buddha. Buddhists all over the country celebrate this day with religious offerings and rituals which are usually held at Buddhist temples. Be awed by the grand processions that take place at night in cities like Kuala Lumpur, Johor Bharu, Malacca and Penang.

Harum Manis Festival

May9-10 at Bukit Bintang Harumanis Mango Field,

Sg. Batu Pahat, Perlis (1)

Perlis Tourism Action Council

Tel: 604-985 3701

During the Harum Manis Festival, visitors can savour its juicy goodness while gaining an insight into the nutritious aspects of the mango.

Floral Parade in conjunction with Flora & Fruit Festival

May 30 at Dataran Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur (6)

Ministry of Tourism

Tel: 603-2693 7111

E-mail: info@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Don’t miss the breathtaking sight as ornately decorated floats in various hues make their way along Dataran Merdeka.

June

Flora & Fruit Festival

The flora & fruit festival in Malaysia is held in conjunction with the local fruit season. Enjoy the excellent taste of local fruits and its nutrition value!

Flower Festival

June 5-6 in Cameron Highlands, Pahang (11)

Pahang Tourism Action Council

Tel: 609-517 1111

E-mail: mtpnpahang@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Flora & Fauna Festival

June, Fraser’s Hill, Perak (4)

Fraser’s Hill Development Corporation/Pahang Tourism Action Council

Tel: 609-517 1623

E-mail: pkbf@tm.net.my / pkbf@streamyx.com / mtpnpahang@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Eco-Paintball/Rainforest Festival

June

• Wetlands, Putrajaya (7)
• Lake Kenyir, Terengganu (12)
• Rompin, Johor (10)
• Bukit Cerakah, Selangor (5)
• Royal Belum, Perak (4)
• Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan (8)
• Perlis State Park, Perlis (1)
• Kuala Lipis, Pahang (11)

Ministry of Tourism, Malaysia

Tel: 603-2693 7111

E-mail: info@motour.gov.my

Website: www.motour.gov.my

Held in Putrajaya and several other states in Malaysia, the eco-paintball competition is hailed as one of the world’s most exciting outdoor sports. The shooting game uses “paint gun” as the weapon whereas “paintball”- a round, thin skinned gelatin capsule containing coloured liquid – is used as the bullets.

July

Malaysia Mega Sale 2009

July 4-Aug 31

Throughout Malaysia

Shopping Malaysia Secretariat

Tel: 603-2698 1033

E-mail: enquiry@malaysiamegasale.com.my

Website: www.malaysiamegasale.com.my

Malaysia’s most popular shopping event is back! Visitors will find amazing discounts and special offers on a wide array of goods such as branded apparel, household equipment, electrical appliances, accessories and many more.

Sarawak Rainforest World Music Festival

July 10-12

Sarawak Cultural Village, Santubong, Sarawak (14)

Sarawak Tourism Board

Tel: 6082-423 600

E-mail: Pauline@sarawaktourism.com

Website: www.sarawaktourism.com

Tap to the rhythm of diverse ethnic music amidst the magnificent rainforest at Sarawak Cultural Village this July, These performances will be staged by some of the world’s famous artistes, set to enthrall enthusiasts from around the world.

Arab Events, Buskers & Concerts

July10-Aug 8

Kuala Lumpur (6)

Kuala Lumpur Tourism Action Council

Tel: 603-2617 6272

E-mail: mtpkl@motour.gov.my

Website: www.kualalumpur.gov.my

Fans of Arabian music can enjoy sensational performances riht here in the city! Great concerts such as the KL Samrah Festival, Ziryah and Ahlan Wahsahlan will be held in Bukit Bintang and other major parts of the city to greet the arrival of guests from the Middle East.

The Great Durian Festival (Festival Jom Makan Durian)

July 24-26

Bukit Gantang, Taiping, Perak (4)

Homestay Bukit Gantang

Perak Tourism Action Council

Tel: 605-255 0413 / 019 574 0767

Durian, the locally known as the ‘King of Fruits’, takes centre-stage in this festival. Visitors can sample an assortment of lip-smacking delicacies made from this unique fruit.

August

Sandakan Memorial Day

Aug 15

Sandakan Memorial Park, Sandakan, Sabah (16)

Sandakan Municipal Council

Tel: 6089-224 026

E-mail: catherin.chua@sabah.gov.my

This event honours Australian Allied prisoners who lost their lives at the Prisoners of War (POW) camp in Sandakan during World War II. A memorial service will be conducted on the day.

Mystic of Carey Island

Aug 22

Carey Island, Kuala Langat, Selangor (5)

Selangor Tourism Action Council

Tel: 603-5511 1122

In this annual event, the island’s native community known as Mah Meri, will perform prayers for their beloved ancestors. Highlights include display of figurines and story-telling of the earlier generations of the Mah Meri people.

Ramadhan Bazar

Aug 29

Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman. KL (6)

Kuala Lumpur Tourism Action Council/Kuala Lumpur City Hall

Tel: 603-2617 6273

In conjunction with the Muslim fasting month of Ramadhan, the Ramadhan Bazaar is organized throughout the country. This bustling evening bazaar offers scrumptious delicacies for the breaking of fast. The official launch will be held along the popular Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman (Jalan TAR)

September

Hari Raya Aidilfitri

Sept 20-21

Throughout Malaysia

Ministry of Unity, Culture, Arts and Heritage

Tel: 603-2612 7600

E-mail: info@heritage.gov.my

Website: www.heritage.gov.my

After fasting from dawn to dusk for a month, Hari Raya Aidilfitri is a day that signifies victory for Muslims everywhere. On this day, Muslims attend special morning prayers in mosques and visit the cemeteries of their loved ones. There will also be lots of tasty delicacies to make the celebration memorable!

October

Penang World Music Festival

Oct 2-4

Botanical Garden, Penang (3)

Penang Tourism Action Council

Tel: 604-262 0202

Website: www.tourismpenang.gov.my

Music lovers get to revel with spectacular performances staged by world-renowned artistes and local musicians in a natural setting of lush greenery.

Deepavali

Oct 17

Throughout Malaysia

Ministry of Unity, Culture, Arts and Heritage

Tel: 603-2612 7600

E-mail: info@heritage.gov.my

Website: www.heritage.gov.my

Deepavali or the ’Festival of Lights’ is celebrated by Hindus with prayers, family gatherings and festivities. Open houses are held where family and friends visit each other and enjoy delicacies traditional goodies.

November

Labuan World War II Memorial Day

Nov 8

Labuan (15)

Labuan Tourism Action Council

Tel: 6087-422 622 / 408 740

E-mail: admin@labuantourism.com.my

Website: www.labuantourism.com.my

On this day, visitors from Commonwealth nations gather in Labuan to pay tribute to fallen World War II heroes. Dignitaries who will be attending the ceremony include representatives from embassies and high commissions in Malaysia as well as military officers from Commonwealth countries.

Hari Raya Aidiladha

Nov 27-28

Throughout Malaysia

Ministry of Unity, Culture, Arts and Heritage

Tel: 603-2612 7600

E-mail: info@heritage.gov.my

Website: www.heritage.gov.my

Commonly known as Hari Raya Haji, this festival marks the culmination of the pilgrimage to Mecca which is performed by millions of Muslims annually. It is also known as Hari Raya Qurban. Muslims in the country celebrate the festival with prayers and the sacrifice of cattle.

December

Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA ’09)

Dec 1-5

Mahsuri International Exhibition Centre

Langkawi, Kedah (2)

HW LIMA Sdn Bhd

Tel: 603-4142 1699

Website: www.lima2009.com.my

This is a high-profile biennial event featuring the latest ltechnologies in the aerospace and maritime sectors. Manufacturers, industry players, senior government officials and key decision-makers converge here to make the best of this excellent platform.

Monsoon Cup Terengganu

Dec 11-17

Terengganu (12)

T-Best Events Sdn Bhd

Tel: 603-2142 2882

Website: www.monsooncup.com.my

A prestigious sailing competition, the Monsoon Cup Terengganu is dubbed the ‘Formula I of Sailing’

Chirstmas

Dec 25

Throughtout Malaysia

Ministry of Unity, Culture, Arts and Heritage

Tel: 603-2612 7600

E-mail: info@heritage.gov.my

Website: www.heritage.gov.my

The Christmas spirit is made merrier with Malaysia’s tropical weather and friendly people. Visitors will be spoilt for choice as there are many restaurants, bistros, shopping malls and hotels that offer great promotions.

Note: While dates, times and locations given here are accurate at the time of publishing, such details are subject to change due to unforeseen developments. Please contact Tourism Malaysia for verification.

Malaysia - Constitution and Separation of Power

Malaysia practises a system of parliamentary democracy and is ruled as a Constitutional Monarchy, with His Majesty the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the Head of the Country. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected to the throne for a five year term from one of the hereditary Rulers of the nine states in the Federation which are ruled by Sultans. The states are Perlis, Kedah, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan.

In the other states, namely Melaka, Pulau Pinang, Sabah and Sarawak, the Head of State is the Yang di-Pertuan Negero or Governor of the state. The Yang di-Pertuan Negeri is appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong for a four year term.

The Federal Constitution of Malaysia clearly divides the authority of the Federation into its Legislative Authority, Judicial Authority and Executive Authority. The separation of power occurs both at federal and states level, as in keeping with the concept of federalism, which form the basis of the government administration.

EXECUTIVE AUTHORITY

Executive Authority, that is, the power to govern, is vested by Article 39 in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong but is exercised by a Cabinet of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. The Cabinet is responsible to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.

Easy executive act of the Federal Government flows from the Royal authority, whether directly or indirectly. However, in accordance with the principle of a democratic ruling system, the Chief Executive is the Prime Minister.

Learn Malay Language 2 - MEMBUAT TEMPAHAN HOTEL/HOTEL RESERVATION

PERBENDAHARAAN KATA – VOCABULARY Tempah Reserve Limosin Limousine Kemudahan Facilities Rakan sejawat Colleagues Taklimat Presentation

Alvin Tan seorang ahli perniagaan dari Singapura akan berada di Malaysia selama beberapa hari. Dia menghubungi sebuah hotel untuk menempah bilik.
Alvin Tan is a Singaporean businessman and will be in Malaysia for a few days. He calls a hotel to reserve a room.

Pelayan tetamu : Selamat pagi. Hotel Lagoon Kuala Lumpur.
Receptionist : Good morning, Hotel Lagoon Kuala Lumpur.

Alvin Tan : Selamat pagi, saya ingin membuat tempahan bilik.
Alvin Tan : Good morning, I would like to make a reservation, please.

Pelayan tetamu : Bilik jenis apa tuan – ekonomi, bilik perniagaan atau bilik deluxe? Kami mempunyai ketiga-tiga jenis bilik itu.
Receptionist : What type of room, sir – economy, business suite or deluxe suit ? We have all three type of rooms.

Alvin Tan : Saya ingin bilik yang jenis perniagaan.
Alvin Tan : I’ll take the business suite.

Pelayan tetamu : Saya perlukan butir-butir diri. Nama tuan?
Receptionist : I need to get some details. Your name, sir?

Alvin Tan : Alvin Tan
Alvin Tan : Alvin Tan

Pelayan tetamu : Nombor pasport tuan?
Receptionist : Your passport number?

Alvin Tan : 6418748
Alvin Tan : 6418748

Pelayan tetamu : Saya ingin tahu bila tuan akan menginap di sini dan berapa lama serta bilangan orang dalam kumpulan tuan.
Receptionist : I also need to know when you’’ll be staying here and for how long, as well as the number of people in your group.

Alvin Tan : Saya akan menginap di sana selama satu minggu bermula dari 23 Mei. Saya akan sampai pada pagi 23 Mei dan akan datang bersendirian.
Alvin Tan : I’ll be staying there for a week starting from the 23rd of May. I’ll be arriving on the morning of the 23rd May and will be coming alone.

Pelayan tetamu : Tuan datang dari Kuala Lumpur dengan kapal terbangkah?
Receptionist : Are you taking a flight to Kuala Lumpur?

Alvin Tan : Ya
Alvin Tan : Yes

Pelayan tetamu : Mahukah tuan perkhidmatan kereta limosin hotel kami mengambil tuan di lapangan terbang?
Receptionist : Would you like our hotel’s limousine service to pick you up at the airport?

Avin Tan : Ya, jika boleh
Alvin Tan : Yes, if possible

Pelayan tetamu : Boleh saya tahu nombor penerbangan dan jangka masa ketibaannya?
Receptionist : May I know your flight and the estimated time of arrival?

Alvin Tan : Nombor penerbangan saya ialah MH124 dari Singapura dan di jangka tiba pukul 10.00 pagi.
Alvin Tan : My flight number is MH124 from Singapore and my estimated of arrival is 10.00 a.m.

Pelayan tetamu : Terima kasih.
Receptionist : Thank you

Alvin Tan : Berapakah harga sewa bilik itu?
Alvin Tan : How much is the room rate?

Pelayan tetamu : Harga sewa bilik perniagaan itu ialah seratus dua puluh ringgit satu malam.
Receptionist : The rate for the business suite is on ehundred and twenty ringgit per night.

Alvin Tan : Apakah kemudahan yang ditawarkan di hotel ini?
Alvin Tan : What facilities does your hotel offer?

Pelayan tetamu : Kami ada dua restoran, bilik karaoke, bilik gymnasium, bilik sauna, kolam renang, aktiviti dalaman yang tetap jadualnya dan perkhidmatan mencuci pakaian.
Receptionist : We have two restaurants, a karaoke lounge, a gymnasium, a sauna, a swimming pool, regularly scheduled indoor activities and laundry service.

Alvin Tan : Bolehkah baju saya dicuci dan digosok? Adakah saya perlu bayar tambahan?
Alvin Tan : Can I get my shirts washed and pressed? And will I have to pay extra?

Pelayan tetamu : Kami membasuh pakaian dengan percuma.
Receptionist : We can wash your shirts free of charge.

Alvin Tan : Saya akan bermesyuarat dengan rakan-rakan perniagaan saya. Adakah hotel ini mempunyai bilik mesyuarat?
Alvin Tan : I will be meeting some business colleagues of mine. Do you have a meeting room at your hotel?

Pelayan tetamu : Ya, bilik mesyuarat kami boleh digunakan dengan bayaran seratus ringgit setengah hari. Mahukah saya tempah bilik mesyuarat untuk tuan?
Receptionist : Yes, our meeting rooms are available for one hundred ringgit for half a day. Shall I reserve a meeting room for you sir?

Alvin Tan : Ya, tolonglah. Ianya akan digunakan pada 25 Mei dari pukul 8.30 pagi hingga 12.00 tengahari dan perjumpaan itu untuk lapan orang.
Alvin Tan : Yes, please. It will be used on the 25th of May from 8.30 a.m. till 12.00 noon and the meeting will be eight for people.

Pelayan tetamu : Boleh saya ulangi tempahan tuan? Tuan akan tiba pada pukul 10.00 pagi dengan penerbangan MH124. Tuan akan menginap bersendirian untuk selama satu minggu. Tuan memerlukan bilik mesyuarat untuk lapan orang pada 25hb. Mei dari pukul 8.30 pagi hingga 12.00 tengahari.
Receptionist :Shall I repeat you reservation? You will be arriving at 10.00 a.m. on flight MH124. You’ll be staying alone. For one week. You need a meeting room for eight people on the 25th of May from 8.30 a.m. to 12.00 noon.

Alvin Tan : Semua maklumat yang disebutkan itu betul. Terima kasih.
Alvin Tan : Yes, you’ve got all the information correct. Thank you.

Pelayan tetamu : Sama-sama
Receptionist : You’re welcome

Malaysia-Geographical Background

Malaysia covers an area of about 329,758 square kilometers, consisting of Peninsular Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak and the Federal Territory of Labuan in the north-western coastal area of Borneo Island. The two regions are separated by about 531.1 kilometres of the South China Sea. Peninsular Malaysia covering 131,598 square kilometers, has its frontiers with Thailand in the north and Singapore in the south, while Sabah with an area of 73,711 square kilometers and Sarawak, about 124,449 kilometers, border the territory of Indonesia’s Kalimantan province.

Penisular Malaysia consists of the following states: Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Pulau Pinang, Perak, Perlis, Selangor, Terengganu and the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. Pahang, with an area of 35,965 square kilometers is the largest state in Peninsular Malaysia.

The state of Sabah consists of five divisions, namely Tawau, Sandakan, Kudat, West Coast and Interior. Saarawak comprises nine divisions, namely Kuching Sri Aman, Sibu, Miri, Sarikei, Limbang, Kapit, Bintulu and Kota Samarahan. The Federal Territory of Labuan, with an area of 91 square kilometers, is situated off the west coast of Sabah.

Wildlife Final Part

The tapir is still quite common and can be found in various habitat types from the lowland to the highlands.

Two species of deer are found in the country i.e. sambar deer and barking deer. Both species of deer are characterized by their slender body with relatively long legs and short tail. Antlers are present only in the male. Both deer species are found in a wide variety of habitats. They sometimes feed in close proximity of farms and rubber plantations.

The mouse deer or chevrotain is a delicate creature with slender limbs and high hindquarters. However, its secretive habitat in the dense forest has made it elusive. Mouse deer are grazers and browsers and generally feed on herb layer and fallen fruits. Their natural enemies include the smaller cats, civets and reptiles including snakes.

The cat family which consists of five genera and 36 species is widespread throughout most parts of the world. The tiger is the largest of all cats and can be found in a wide range of habitats that meet their requirements for food, water and shelter from the sun. Tigers are capable swimmers and may spend a few hours in water especially during hot days. Although their diet consists of a wide variety of animals, they prefer deer and pigs. In Peninsular Malaysia, tiger distribution is generally concentrated in the states of Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang and Perak.

Among the smallest cats, the leopard cat is the most common and widespread. It is found in a wide range of habitat and are often found near villages and plantations. Its normal diet may range from lizards, amphibians to small deer. Other small cat species like the marbled cat, golden cat and the flat-headed cat are more confined to the forest and seldom seen in the open.

The primates found in the country include the endangered orang utan, slow loris, gibbon and siamang. Macaques and leaf monkeys, on the other hand, are quite common in open areas especially near villages and plantations. The macaques are general feeders and are able to adapt themselves well with the human population.

Only two species of crocodiles are found in Malaysia, the estuarine crocodile and gharial. Crocodiles are known to inhabit large rivers especially in Sarawak. The river terrapins are found in major river systems in the peninsular, i.e. in the river of Perak, Kedah, Terengganu and Pahang. However, siltation and sand excavation have reduced their natural habitat. The east coast of Peninsular Malaysia provides one of the most important landing sites for marine turtles especially the leatherback turtle. Rantau Abang in Terengganu is the main landing site for the leather back turtles in the country. The Turtle Islands off the coast Sabah are also important for the conservation of marine turtles in the region.

Forest birds are widely distributed throughout the country, especially in natural settings like Taman Negara. However species distribution may vary according to elevation and habitats. The mudflats along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak support large populations of migratory bird species. The important areas for migratory birds include Kuala Gula in Perak, Pulau Bruit in Sarawak and the coastal areas of Sabah. Charadriformes make up the majority of migratory birds in the country. More than a million birds fly across the country during the annual migration season which takes place from October to April.

History in Short

The federation of Malaya Agreement was signed in August 1957. On August 31, 1957 independence was finally achieved with Tunku Abdul Rahman as the first Prime Minister. Malaysia was formed on September 16, 1963. At that time, Malaysia comprised of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore. Singapore separated from Malaysia on August 7, 1965.

Wildlife - Part I

The majority of unique Malaysian animals are found in the lowland forests in the country. Currently, a total of 286 species of mammals, 736 species of birds, 406 species of amphibians and reptiles and more than 100,000 species of insects have been recorded in the country. However, this number only represents a conservative estimate of the overall diversity and a large number have yet to be discovered.

The current threats on wildlife habitats have resulted in the endangered status of some wildlife species. It is estimated that 42 species of mammals, 34 species of birds, 14 species of reptiles and fishes are threatened by the various elements including habitat destruction and reduction, poaching and human encroachment.

The elephant, which is the largest terrestrial mammal, is found at various elevations of the tropical rainforests. However, their shrinking habitat has resulted in the conflict between man and the elephant. The current elephant population in the country is estimated to be between 800 and 2000.

The Seladang or Wild Cattle is normally found in herds of up to 20 individuals. Their distribution is confined to the lowland forests. However, the conversion of this habitat into agriculture plantation has restricted teir range. Currently, the seladang population is found in large forested areas in the states of Perak, Kelantan, Pahang and Terengganu.

The Sumatran rhinoceros is the only remaining rhinoceros species in Malaysia. The other species, the Javan rhinoceros was last seen in the 1940’s. However, their distribution is confined to the high altitude forests of several states in the country. Important areas include Taman Negara, Endau Rompin in Pahang, Perak and Kelantan.

Flora

Tropical rain forests are found on the lowlands and hills of Malaysia. The lowland forest has a closed canopy at 120ft. above the ground, consisting of the crowns of large trees closed fitted together, and supported on stout, straight, pillar like trunks. Occasionally, an outstanding tree breaks through to emerge above the canopy. One of the emergent species is the Tualang (koompassia excelsa), which can attain a height of 280 feet and is believed to be the third tallest species of trees in the world.

Under the canopy are smaller trees, shrubs and herbs. Smaller plants cling to the trees. Most of these plants, especially orchids and ferns, are epiphytes. Some, especially the well represented mistletoe family, are parasitic. On the forest floor, fungi aided by termites and other insects rapidly break down any dead trees and fallen litter; thereby completing nature’s recycling process.

The real opportunists of the tropical rain forest are the lianas which climb over other plants until they can bask in the full sun on the canopy. Rattan, although not a lianas, also climb over other plants. These climbing plants have slender, flexible and tough stems which appear in the market as rattan furniture.

The main economic product of Malaysia’s forest is timber. The most important timber producing family is the Dipterocarpaceae, from which well-known varieties of timber such as Meranti, Chengal, Keruing, Kapur and Balau originate. The next most important family is Leguminosae from which originates Kempas and Merbau. Nyatoh originates from Supotaceae, and Ramin from Gonystylus.

Tropical rainforests now occupy about 55% of Malaysia’s land area, mainly on the hills and mountains. The lowlands have been largely converted to agricultural use. Selecting logging, followed by replanting operations, is changing the nature of the forest in this area. Apart from coconut, rice and sugar cane, the agricultural lowlands are populated by plants such as rubber, oil palm, pineapple, cocoa, tapioca, maize and coffee.

Malaysia's Climate

Malaysia lies near the Equator between latitudes 1` and 7` North and longitudes 100` and 119` East. Malaysia is subjected to maritime influence and the interplay of wind systems which originate in the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. The year is generally divided into the South-East and the North-East Monsoon seasons. The average daily temperature throughout Malaysia varies from 21 degree Celsius to 32 degree Celsius. Humidity is high.

The Richness and Diversity of Multi-racials Cultures in Malaysia

The uniqueness of Malaysian culture can be observed from the traditional practices and various aspects of daily life. Its society constantly captivates the hearts of tourists due to its diversity which ranges from the people’s clothes to spoken dialects. The uniqueness of its multi-racial culture can be seen through the celebrations of the different communities found in Malaysia. Even though these festivals are normally celebrated within a particular community, other races join in the festivities through the practice of open houses.

Hari Raya Puasa is a celebration by the Malays to mark the beginning of the month of Ramadan. This festival is also known as Hari Raya Aidilfitri and its atmosphere of joy is shared with other communities in Malaysia.

Chinese New Year is celebrated by the Chinese community to mark the start of their new year. It is the most important festivity in Malaysia for the Chinese, and this festival goes on for 15 days. Throughout this period, the mood of celebration is evident in the lion dance performances. This festival is also brightened by the giving of “ang pows” to children and the unmarried.

As for the Indians, they celebrated Thaipusam and Deepavali. Thaipusam is celebrated by Indians who practice Hinduism, as an act of worship to Lord Murugan and to fulfill their vows by carrying kavadis. This religious ceremony involves a procession of kavadi carriers on their way to the temples. Thaipusam celebrations at the Batu Caves draw much interest, especially from tourists. During this ceremony, hundreds of coconuts are smashed throughout the route along which the kavadis are taken to the Batu Caves. Deepavali is also known as the Festival of Lights and this celebration commemorates the victory of Good over Evil. Prayers are offered in homes and temples and are followed by the holding of open houses for friends and relatives.

The Kadazans and Dusuns in Sabah celebrate the Harvest Festival (also known as the Pesta Keamatan) whereas the Gawai Festival is celebrated by the Ibans and Bidayuhs in Sarawak. Both these colourful festivals are held as thanksgiving for the success of the harvest seasons.

Wesak Day is celebrated by Buddhists in conjunction with the birth of Buddha, his enlightenment and his achievement of the state of nirvana. This celebration also attracts foreign tourists to Malaysia. All these traditional and religious festivals make Malaysia a society rich with culture which attracts tourists.

Malaysia is also rich in traditional games, arts and crafts. Traditional games are important in local communities and many of them are still being handed down to succeeding generations and public performances are still being held. Among these are bird singing, top-spinning, rebana ubi, kertuk, kite-flying, sepak raga, silat, kuda kepang and traditional dances such as the makyong and menora. All this heritage has been highlighted as part of Malaysia’s tourist attractions.

Learn Malay Language - JEMPUTAN/INVITATION

1. JEMPUTAN KE SATU MAJLIS/INVITATION TO A PARTY

PERBENDAHARAAN KATA - VOCABULARY Kebetulan - Coincidence Jemputan - Invitation Rasmi - Formal Selesai - Concluded Berkaitan - Relevant Membeli-belah - Shopping Majlis keramaian - Party Berpakaian tidak rasmi - Dress casually Sebelumnya - Earlier Memuaskan - Satisfactory Pastinya - Definitely Sama-sama - It’s my pleasure Makanan pedas - Spicy food Mesyuarat - Meeting

(Suasana): Di kaunter bayaran sebuah pasaraya, Rashid berjumpa Peter.
(Situation)): At the check-out counter at a local supermarket, Rashid sees Peter.

Rashid: Helo Peter! Kebetulan benar kita ini. Saya telah menghubungi wak tadi di rumah.
Rashid: Hello Peter! What a coincidence. I called you earlier at home.

Peter: Hai Rashid! Mengapa awak ada di sini?
Peter: Hi Rashid! What brings you here? (Looking over to Suzana) This is my cousin Suzana.

Rashid: Helo Suzana, saya gembira berjumpa saudari.
Rashid: Hello Suzana, nice to meet you.

Suzana: Saya pun begitu juga Rashid.
Suzana: Pleased to meet you too Rashid.

Rashid: Saya datang membeli belah untuk majlis hari jadi. Ianya untuk sahabat saya Azmir.
Rashid: I’m doing some shopping for a birthday party. It’s for my good friend Azmir.

Peter: Saya kenal Azmir.
Peter: I Know Azmir.

Rashid: Sebenarnya semasa saya menghubungi awak tadi, saya ingin menjempput awak ke majlis itu.
Rashid: Actually when I called you earlier, I wanted to invite you to the party.

Peter: Betulkah? Saya akan berasa gembira untuk menghadiri majlis itu.
Peter: Really? I’ll be happy to come to the party.

Rashid: Awak boleh bawa Suzana bersama.
Rashid: You can bring Suzana too.

Suzana: Terima kasih di atas jemputan itu.
Suzana: Thanks for the invitation.

Rashid: Sila datang pada pukul 8.00 malam esok dan pakaian biasa sahaja – ianya bukan majlis yang rasmi.
Rashid: Please come at 8.00 p.m. tomorrow night and dress casually – it is not a formal party.

Peter: Baiklah, kami akan datang.
Peter: Okay, we’ll be there.

Rashid: Saya terpaksa balik dulu. Berjumpa lagi malam besok.
Rashid: I have to go now. I’ll see you tomorrow night.

Malaysia Pastime Games

Hi,

To all readers...

There are 10 games that you can experience yourself, chosen among many games played by Malaysian. Out of 10 games here, 6 games are originated from the state of Sarawak. There are Main Batik Lampung, Main Bebat Lengan, Main Libak, Main Memutar Pinggan, Sisip dan Main Bilah.

The purpose is to reintroduce to public about the rich of Malaysia culture particularly in past time games.

It is proven benefit to young and teenagers who are interested in pastime games.
The methods of play are different for each game and may vary from one district to another. The easiest methods of play are given. Hopefully the readers will not having any difficulties to understand and trying these games. Happy playing and enjoy the games

DECISION METHOD OF ORDER OF PLAY

Games have their own peculiar ways of deciding the order of play before a game can start. The methods are very simple and require no equipment at all.

1. The One, Two, Som method

SYMBOLS:

1. Five out-stretched fingers brought close together represent a drinking glass;

2. A clenched fist represents a rock;

3. An out-stretched palm represents the sea.

This is the simplest and easiest method of arriving at a decision between two players.

Two players face another with their hands behind their heads, so as to hide the symbols formed. At the end of “one, two som” the players simultaneously bring forth their symbols to confront one another.

INTERPRETATION:

1. The drinking glass can contain the water and therefore is the winner;

2. The rock can break the glass;

3. The sea can drown the stone.

If, however the two players display the same symbol the process is repeated until a decision is reached.

Two teams maybe formed by having the winners on one side and the losers on the other.

2. The “la da li la tham pom” method

The palm is treated as white and the back of the hand is black.

Three to five players stand in a circle with their hands behind their backs.

Everyone chants and at the end of “la da li la tham pom” they bring their hands out in front of them, showing a white or a black.

The odd player who shows a different colour from the rest goes out and the same process is repeated, thus establishing the order of play.

In bigger group, it is better and quicker to have two odd players out in each display of palms.

3. The “Rip Rip Ram” method

All players put a finger each on the palm of a chosen player.

The chosen player must make sure that the tips of all fingers rest on the middle of the palm.

All players chant “rip rip ram”. At the end of this the chosen player clenches his palm and the finger/fingers caught shall be the “victim” of a particular game.

If more than one finger is caught the process is repeated until the “victim” is decided.

Sisip

This is another Melanau game from Sarawak played among young children of 7 to 11 years of age. This game can be played either indoors or outdoors because it requires only a very small area of play. The playing area may be 6 feet square or even smaller.

No. of Players:

5 or more.

Equipment/Materials:

Each player has a splinter which can be a stick or a grass stem.

Method of Play:

1. Each player has to show his splinter to the other players before the game starts;

2. The person who has the shortest splinter becomes the first seeker;

3. The seeker closes his eyes with his hands and leans against a wall or tree outside the playing area;

4. The other players hide their splinters and when they have done so, the seeker starts to find the hidden splinters;

5. Once he finds a splinter, the seeker has to name the owner of the splinter;

6. If he names the owner incorrectly he is given another chance to seek for another splinter;

7. If he fails the second time, he has to go outside the area of play and close his eyes again;

8. The other players may remove their splinters from the former hiding positions to other positions;

9. When the seeker is able to find a splinter and name the owner of the splinter, the person becomes the next seeker;

(10) At the end of the game, the player whose splinter is not located or

located the least number of times is the “King” of the game.